The building blocks of protein. Amino acids are critical nutrients for the lactating dairy cow. They are responsible for the cow's metabolic functions.
The cow's amino acid requirements will change based on milk production, milk protein production, gestation, and growth. A deficiency in one or more amino acids means the cow cannot produce to her genetic potential.
Carbohydrates which are solubilized in the rumen. It's and accurate prediction of the energy available to the rumen microbial bugs. The solubility of each feedstuff is based on assigned fractions and degradations rates. The rates are dependent on forage pH, length of cut, and the degree of grain processing.